SYSTEMATIC SURVEY OCCURRENCES DATA TEMPLATE INSTRUCTIONS

Intended Usage

This template is used to record occurrence data; that is, the presence or absence of an organism at a particular site locality at a point in time.

The Systematic Survey Occurrences template must be used in combination with the Systematic Survey Metadata template, and in some cases the Systematic Survey Sites template.

Templates have been provided to facilitate integration of your data into the Biodiversity Data Repository database. Not all types of data have been catered for in the available templates at this stage; therefore, if you are unable to find a suitable template, please contact bdr-support@dcceew.gov.au to make us aware of your data needs.

Data Validation Requirements:

For data validation, you will need your data file to:

be in the correct file format,
have fields that match the template downloaded (do not remove, or change the order of fields),
have extant values for mandatory fields (see Table 1),
comply with all data value constraints; for example the geographic coordinates are consistent with a geodeticDatum type of the 5 available options, and
align with existing controlled vocabularies wherever possible (this is mandatory for geodeticDatum), but new terms may be submitted for consideration amd will not cause a validation error.

Additional fields may be added after the templated fields (noting that the data type is not assumed and values will be encoded as strings).

FILE FORMAT

The systematic survey occurrence data template is a UTF-8 encoded csv (that is, not Microsoft Excel Spreadsheets). Be sure to save this file with your data as a .csv (UTF-8):
[MS Excel: Save As > More options > Tools > Web options > Save this document as > Unicode (UTF-8)]
otherwise it will not pass the csv validation step upon upload.
Do not include empty rows.

FILE SIZE

MS Excel imposes a limit of 1,048,576 rows on a spreadsheet, limiting a CSV file to the header row followed by 1,048,575 occurrences. Furthermore, MS Excel has a 32,767-character limit on individual cells in a spreadsheet. These limits may be overcome by using or editing CSV files with other software.

Larger datasets may be more readily ingested using the API interface. Please contact bdr-support@dcceew.gov.au to make us aware of your data needs.

TEMPLATE FIELDS

The template contains the field names in the top row. Table 1 will assist you in transferring your data to the template by providing guidance on:

Field name in the template (and an external link to the Darwin Core standard for that field where relevant);
Description of the field;
Required i.e. whether the field is mandatory, conditionally mandatory, or optional;
Format (datatype) required for the data values for example text (string), number (integer, float), or date;
Example of an entry or entries for that field; and
Vocabulary links within this document (for example pick list values) where relevant. The fields that have suggested values options for the fields in Table 1 are listed in Table 2 in alphabetical order of the field name.

ADDITIONAL FIELDS

Data that does not match the existing template fields may be added as additional columns in the CSV files after the templated fields. For example: eventRemarks, associatedTaxa, pathway.

Table 1: Systematic Survey Occurrence data template fields with descriptions, conditions, datatype format, and examples.

Field #	Name	Description	Mandatory / Optional	Datatype Format	Examples
1	providerRecordID	Unique (within provider) identifier for the record.	Mandatory	String	8022FSJMJ079c5cf
2	providerRecordIDSource	Person or Organisation that generated the providerRecordID. For providers registered with the BDR, this field should contain your BDR registrationID. Populate only if the details are different from the dataset submission details.	Mandatory	String	Western Australian Biodiversity Information Office
3	locality	The specific description of the place.	Optional	String	Cowaramup Bay Road
4	decimalLatitude	The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum) of the geographic centre of a Location. Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Valid coordinate ranges for the BDR system are within and inclusive of -90 to 0.	Mandatory	Number	-33.812314
5	decimalLongitude	The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum) of the geographic centre of a Location. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. Valid coordinate ranges for the BDR system are within and inclusive of 0 to 180.	Mandatory	Number	115.231512
6	geodeticDatum	The acronym for the ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geographic (non-projected) coordinates given in decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude as based.	Mandatory	String	WGS84 (Vocabulary link)
7	coordinateUncertaintyInMeters	The horizontal distance (in metres) from the given decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle containing the whole of the Location. Leave the value empty if the uncertainty is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable (because there are no coordinates). Zero is not a valid value for this term.	Optional	Number	50.0
8	dataGeneralizations	Actions taken to make the shared data less specific or complete than in its original form, due to restrictions around identifying locations of particular species. Suggests that alternative data of higher quality may be available on request.	Optional	String	Coordinates rounded to the nearest 10 km for conservation concern
9	eventDate	The date (with precision of year (YYYY), month year (YYYY-MM) or date in the following formats DD/MM/YYYY or YYYY-MM-DD are accepted) or date-time without timezone (in ISO 8601 format for example 2021-07-11T06:23:00) or date-time with timezone(in ISO 8601 format for example 2022-05-20T06:23:00+08:00) during which a species occurrence was observed. For occurrences, this is the date-time when the event was recorded. Not suitable for a time in a geological context.	Mandatory	Timestamp	2019-09-23T14:03+08:00
10	samplingProtocol	The sampling protocol is the method used to sample the locality to determine the presence (or absence) of the taxon referred to in this record at the indicated time. This may be a collecting method or a method to observe an organism without collection. Recommended best practice is to describe a species occurrence with no more than one sampling protocol. In the case of a summary, in which a specific protocol can not be attributed to specific species occurrences, the recommended best practice is to repeat the property for each IRI that denotes a different sampling protocol that applies to the occurrence.	Optional	String	Human Observation (Vocabulary link)
11	basisOfRecord	The specific nature of the data record.	Optional	String	Preserved Specimen (Vocabulary link)
12	recordedBy	A person, group, or organisation responsible for recording the original Occurrence.	Optional	String	Stream Environment and Water Pty Ltd
13	recordNumber	An identifier given to the Occurrence at the time it was recorded. Often serves as a link between field notes and an Occurrence record, such as a specimen collector's number.	Optional	String	PE:12:8832
14	occurrenceStatus	A statement about the presence or absence of a Taxon at a Location.	Optional	String	Present (Vocabulary link)
15	habitat	A category or description of the habitat in which the event occurred.	Optional	String	Closed forest of Melaleuca lanceolata. White, grey or brown sand, sandy loam.
16	establishmentMeans	Statement about whether an organism or organisms have been introduced to a given place and time through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans.	Optional	String	Native (Vocabulary link)
17	organismRemarks	Comments or notes about the Organism instance.	Optional	String	Dried out leaf tips.
18	individualCount	The number of individuals present at the time of the Occurrence. 0 = none, no value = the specific number was not recorded.	Optional	Integer	26
19	organismQuantity	A number or enumeration value for the quantity of organisms.	Conditionally mandatory with organismQuantityType	Number	12.5
20	organismQuantityType	The type of quantification system used for the quantity organisms.	Conditionally mandatory with organismQuantity	String	% biomass (Vocabulary link)
21	lifeStage	The age class or life stage of the Organism(s) at the time the Occurrence was recorded.	Optional	String	adult (Vocabulary link)
22	sex	The sex of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence.	Optional	String	Unspecified (Vocabulary link)
23	reproductiveCondition	The reproductive condition of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence.	Optional	String	No breeding evident
24	ownerRecordID	Identifier given to the occurrence by the owner of the data. Populate this field if the data owner is different to the data provider. Unique (within data owner) identifier for the record.	Conditionally mandatory with ownerRecordIDSource	String	12345NT521mc5h
25	ownerRecordIDSource	Person or Organisation that generated the ownerRecordID. For organisations registered with the BDR, this field should contain the BDR registrationID. For all others, please provide the name of Person or Organisation who owns the data.	Conditionally mandatory with ownerRecordID	String	WAM
26	collectionCode	The name, acronym, code, or initialism identifying the collection or data set from which the record was derived. It is associated with the catalogNumber.	Optional	String	ARACH
27	catalogNumber	An identifier (preferably unique) for the record within the data set or collection.	Conditionally mandatory with catalogNumberSource	String	145732, 145732a, 2008.1334, R-4313
28	catalogNumberSource	Organisation that generated the catalogNumber. In the BDR context, this is likely to be a collecting institution where a specimen or material sample is located. For organisations registered with the BDR, this field should contain the BDR registrationID. For all others, please provide the name of Person or Organisation.	Conditionally mandatory with catalogNumber	String	Western Australian Museum
29	otherCatalogNumbers	A list (concatenated and separated with a space vertical bar space ( \| )) of previous or alternate fully qualified catalog numbers or other human-used identifiers for the same Occurrence, whether in the current or any other data set or collection.	Conditionally mandatory with otherCatalogNumbersSource	List	BHP2012-7521 \| M12378
30	otherCatalogNumbersSource	Organisation that generated the otherCatalogNumbers. For organisations registered with the BDR, this field should contain the BDR registrationID. For all others, please provide the name of Person or Organisation.	Conditionally mandatory with otherCatalogNumbers	String	University of Western Australia
31	preparations	A list (concatenated and separated with a space vertical bar space ( \| )) of preparations and preservation methods for a specimen.	Optional	String	alcohol (Vocabulary link)
32	preparedDate	The date (with precision of year (YYYY), month year (YYYY-MM) or date in the following formats DD/MM/YYYY or YYYY-MM-DD are accepted) or date-time without timezone (in ISO 8601 format for example 2021-07-11T11:23:00) or date-time with timezone(in ISO 8601 format for example 2022-05-20T06:23:00+08:00) representing the date or date-time the specimen was prepared.	Optional	Timestamp	2019-09-24
33	associatedSequences	A list (concatenated and separated with a space vertical bar space ( \| )) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of genetic sequence information associated with the Occurrence.	Optional	List	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MH040669.1 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MH040616.1
34	sequencingMethod	The method used to obtain sequence data for example DNA, RNA, or protein from the sample.	Optional	String	Sanger-dideoxy-sequencing (Vocabulary link)
35	verbatimIdentification	A string representing the taxonomic identification as it appeared in the original record. This term is meant to allow the capture of an unaltered original identification/determination, including identification qualifiers, hybrid formulas, uncertainties, etc. This term is meant to be used in addition to scientificName (and identificationQualifier etc.), not instead of it.	Optional	String	Caladenia ?excelsa
36	dateIdentified	The date (with precision of year (YYYY), month year (YYYY-MM) or date in the following formats DD/MM/YYYY or YYYY-MM-DD are accepted) or date-time without timezone (in ISO 8601 format for example 2021-07-11T11:23:00) or date-time with timezone(in ISO 8601 format for example 2022-05-20T06:23:00+08:00) on which the subject was determined as representing the Taxon.	Optional	Timestamp	2019-09-24
37	identifiedBy	Group of names, organisations who assigned the Taxon to the subject. For multiple names, use the pipe separator ( \| ).	Optional	String	J. Doe \| WAM
38	identificationMethod	Method used to associate the organism with the scientificName label.	Optional	String	DNA (Vocabulary link)
39	scientificName	The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known. When forming part of an Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the identificationQualifier column. NOTE: Phrase names such as Rhagodia sp. Hamersley (M.Trudgen 17794) are permitted in the scientificName field where those are in use.	Mandatory	String	Caladenia excelsa
40	identificationQualifier	A brief phrase or a standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner's doubts about the Identification.	Optional	String	Species incerta (Vocabulary link)
41	identificationRemarks	Comments or notes about the Identification.	Optional	String	DNA evidence may indicate a new species. Further analysis required.
42	acceptedNameUsage	The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.	Optional	String	Occiperipatoides gilesii (Spencer, 1909)
43	kingdom	The full scientific name of the kingdom in which the taxon is classified.	Mandatory	String	Plantae (Vocabulary link)
44	taxonRank	The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName.	Optional	String	Species (Vocabulary link)
45	threatStatus	The conservation status (or code) assigned to an organism that is recognised in conjunction with a specific jurisdiction.	Conditionally mandatory with conservationJurisdiction	String	EN (Vocabulary link)
46	conservationJurisdiction	The jurisdiction under which an organism is recognised to have a specific conservation status applied.	Conditionally mandatory with threatStatus	String	EPBC, WA (Vocabulary link)
47	threatStatusCheckProtocol	The method used to determine if the organism is listed under the relevant jurisdictional threatened species list.	Optional	String	Species name check of the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water’s Species Profile and Threat Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl (Vocabulary link)
48	threatStatusDateDetermined	The date (with precision of year (YYYY), month year (YYYY-MM) or date in the following formats DD/MM/YYYY or YYYY-MM-DD are accepted) or date-time without timezone (in ISO 8601 format for example 2021-07-11T11:23:00) or date-time with timezone(in ISO 8601 format for example 2022-05-20T06:23:00+08:00) on which this record of this organism was assigned to the nominated threatStatus and conservationJurisdiction	Optional	Timestamp	30/08/2022
49	threatStatusDeterminedBy	The person and/organisation responsible for appending the threatStatus and conservationJurisdiction to this organism’s occurrence record.	Optional	String	WA-BIO
50	siteID	Corresponds to a unique site identifier, provided within accompanying survey_site_data.csv template.	Optional	String	P1
51	surveyID	The identifier of the Survey that the occurrence comes from. This field should be completed if it is ambiguous as to which survey the occurrence belongs to.	Optional	String	AR220-01

APPENDICES

APPENDIX-I: VOCABULARY LIST

With the exception of geodeticDatum, data validation does not require fields to adhere to the vocabularies specified for the various vocabularied fields. These vocabularies are merely provided as a means of assistance in developing a consistent language within the database. New terms may be added to more appropriately describe your data that goes beyond the current list. Table 2 provides some suggested values from existing sources such as: Biodiversity Information Standard (TDWG), EPSG.io Coordinate systems worldwide, the Global Biodiversity Information System, and Open Nomenclature in the biodiversity era.

Table 2: Suggested values for the controlled vocabulary fields in the template. Each term has a preferred label with a definition to aid understanding of its meaning. For some terms, alternative labels with similar semantics are provided. Note: geodeticDatum value must come from one of five options in this table.

Template field name	Preferred label	Definition	Alternate label
basisOfRecord	FOSSIL SPECIMEN	A preserved specimen that is a fossil.
basisOfRecord	HUMAN OBSERVATION	An output of a human observation.
basisOfRecord	LIVING SPECIMEN	A specimen that is alive.
basisOfRecord	MACHINE OBSERVATION	An output of a machine observation process.
basisOfRecord	MATERIAL SAMPLE	A physical result of a sampling (or subsampling) event. In biological collections, the material sample is typically collected, and either preserved or destructively processed.
basisOfRecord	OCCURRENCE	An existence of an Organism (sensu http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Organism) at a particular place at a particular time.
basisOfRecord	PRESERVED SPECIMEN	A specimen that has been preserved.
establishmentMeans	INTRODUCED	Establishment of a taxon by numan agency into an area that is not part of its natural range.
establishmentMeans	INTRODUCED ASSISTED COLONISATION	Establishment of a taxon specifically with the intention of creating a self-sustaining wild population in an area that is not part of the taxon's natural range.	ASSISTED COLONISATION
establishmentMeans	NATIVE	A taxon occurring within its natural range.	NATIVE (INDIGENOUS)
establishmentMeans	NATIVE REINTRODUCED	A taxon re-established by direct introduction by humans into an area that is not part of its natural range, but from where it had become extinct.	NATIVE: REINTRODUCED
establishmentMeans	UNCERTAIN	The origin of the occurrence of the taxon in an area is obscure.	UNKNOWN, CRYPTOGENIC
establishmentMeans	VAGRANT	The temporary occurrence of a taxon far outside its natural or migratory range.	CASUAL
geodeticDatum	AGD66	Australian Geodetic Datum 1966	EPSG:4202
geodeticDatum	AGD84	Australian Geodetic Datum 1984	EPSG:4203
geodeticDatum	GDA2020	Geocentric Datum of Australia 2020	EPSG:7844
geodeticDatum	GDA94	Geocentric Datum of Australia 1994	EPSG:4283
geodeticDatum	WGS84	World Geodetic System 1984, used in GPS	EPSG:4326
identificationMethod	TBC	TBC
identificationQualifier	ANIMALIA CETERA	It groups all the unidentified specimens that are not listed as separate taxa. The term cetera (abbreviated c. or cet.) may be applied to a given high-rank taxon, meaning that identification at a lower taxonomic level has not been attempted (see also stetit) but explicitly not including subordinate taxa that may have been identified.	A.C.
identificationQualifier	CONFER	"Compare with". Specimens should be compared to reference material, since most of the diagnostic characters correspond to a given species but some are unclear. Also used in the sense of affinis and species incerta (these usages are discouraged).	CF., CFR., CONF., SP. CF.
identificationQualifier	EX GREGE	"Of the group including". The specimen has some affinity to a known species or it belongs to a species group or species complex; see also affinis and species proxima.	EX GR., GR.
identificationQualifier	FAMILIA GENUS SPECIES	The specimen has not been attributed to any known species nor family; see also species.	FAM. GEN. SP.
identificationQualifier	GENUS ET SPECIES NOVA	The specimen is considered to belong to a new species and a new genus; for more details, see species nova.	GEN. ET SP., GEN. NOV., SP. NOV., NOV. GEN. ET SP.
identificationQualifier	GENUS NOVUM	The specimen is considered to belong to a new species and a new genus; for more details, see species nova	GEN. NOV., G. NOV., GEN. N., G. N., NOV. GEN
identificationQualifier	GENUS SPECIES	The specimen has not been related to any known species nor genus; also species.	GEN. SP., G. SP.
identificationQualifier	SPECIES	The specimen has not been identified, nor it has been related to any known species; the uncertainty is potentially provisional: it could be due to the lack of suitable dichotomous keys, or to the occurrence of a species not previously described. Also used in the sense of species indeterminabilis and stetit (these usages are discouraged.	SP
identificationQualifier	SPECIES AFFINIS	"Has affinity with". The specimen has some affinity to a known species but it is not identical to it; it generally implies distinction more than a possible identity, in contrast with the qualifier confer; see also species Proxima and ex grege. It is often used in combination with the ON qualifier species nova. Also used in the sense of confer (this usage is discouraged).	AFF., SP. AFF.
identificationQualifier	SPECIES INCERTA	The identification is uncertain; it usually indicates a higher reliability with ?, sp. Inc respect to confer. The sign "sp. inc." is also used in the sense of species, species indeterminabilis and species inquirenda (these usages are discouraged).	SP. INC.
identificationQualifier	SPECIES INDETERMINABILIS	The specimen is indeterminable beyond a certain taxonomic level due to the deterioration or lack of diagnostic characters. Also used in the sense of species and stetit (these usages are discouraged.	INDET., IND., SP. INDET., SP. IND.
identificationQualifier	SPECIES NOVA	The specimen is considered to belong to a new, previously undescribed (1) When describing a new species, the use of the qualifier is required by the ICZN (1999) to explicitly indicate the taxa name as intentionally new. (2) Used as ON qualifier to refer to a new, still unnamed species before the formal publication of the description.	SP. NOV., SPEC. NOV., SP. N., NOV. SP., NOV. SPEC., N. SP.
identificationQualifier	SPECIES PROXIMA	The specimen is near to a known species but it is not identical to it; see also affinis and ex grege.	PROX., SP. PROX., NR., SP.NR.
identificationQualifier	STETIT	Identification at a lower taxonomic level has not been attempted, even if allowed by the sample conditions. It may also be used when more records with different ON qualifiers need to be merged at a safe taxonomic level.	STET.
identificationQualifier	SUBSPECIES	The only infraspecific rank regulated by the ICZN (1999). As ON qualifier, it indicates that the specimen probably belongs to a subspecies but it has not been related to any known one; see also species.	SSP., SUBSP.
kingdom	ANIMALIA	Kingdom Animalia
kingdom	FUNGI	Kingdom (taxonRank: Regnum) Fungi
kingdom	PLANTAE	Kingdom (taxonRank: Regnum) Plantae	PLANTAE HAECKEL
lifeStage	ADULT	An adult is a plant, animal, or person who has reached full growth or alternatively is capable of reproduction.	IMAGO
lifeStage	EMBRYO	An embryo is a multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development, from the time of first cell division until birth, hatching, or germination.	EGG, SEED
lifeStage	GAMETE	A gamete is a cell that fuses with another gamete during fertilisation in organisms that reproduce sexually. In species that produce two morphologically distinct types of gametes, and in which each individual produces only one type, a female is any individual that produces the larger type of gamete — called an ovum (or egg) — and a male produces the smaller tadpole-like type — called a sperm. This is an example of anisogamy or heterogamy, the condition wherein females and males produce gametes of different sizes. In contrast, isogamy is the state of gametes from both sexes being the same size and shape, and given arbitrary designators for mating type. Gametes carry half the genetic information of an individual, one chromosome of each type.	OVUM, SPERM, POLLEN
lifeStage	GAMETOPHYTE	In plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations, a gametophyte is the multicellular structure, or phase, that is haploid, containing a single set of chromosomes. The gametophyte produces male or female gametes (or both), by a process of cell division called mitosis. In mosses, liverworts and hornworts (bryophytes), the gametophyte is the commonly known phase of the plant. An early developmental stage in the gametophyte of mosses (immediately following germination of the meiospore) is called the protonema. In most other land plants the gametophyte is very small (as in ferns and their relatives) or even reduced as in flowering plants (angiosperms), where the female gametophyte (ovule) is known as a megagametophyte and the male gametophyte (pollen) is called a microgametophyte.	GAMONT, PROTONEMA, POLLEN, OVULE
lifeStage	JUVENILE	A juvenile is an individual organism that has not yet reached its adult form, sexual maturity or size. Juveniles sometimes look very different from the adult form, particularly in terms of their colour. In many organisms the juvenile has a different name from the adult.	SEEDLING, EFT, CALF, HATCHLING, INFANT, FOAL, KITTEN, KIT, CHICK, NYMPH, FAWN, WHELP, PUP, ELVER, FRY
lifeStage	LARVA	A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a young (juvenile) form of animal with indirect development, going through or undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects, amphibians, or cnidarians). The larva can look completely different from the adult form, for example, a caterpillar differs from a butterfly. Larvae often have special (larval) organs which do not occur in the adult form. The larvae of some species can become pubescent and not further develop into the adult form (for example, in some newts). This is a type of neoteny. It is a misunderstanding that the larval form always reflects the group's evolutionary history. It could be the case, but often the larval stage has evolved secondarily, as in insects. In these cases the larval form might differ more from the group's common origin than the adult form. The early life stages of most fish species are considerably different from juveniles and adults of their species and are called larvae.	LARVAE, TADPOLE, POLLIWOG, POLLYWOG, POLLIWIG, POLEWIG, POLWIG, PLANULA, NAUPLIUS, ZOEA, NYMPH, CATERPILLAR
lifeStage	PUPA	A pupa is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, with four life stages: egg (-> embryo), larva, pupa, and imago (-> adult).	PUPPE
lifeStage	SPORE	A spore is a reproductive structure that is adapted for dispersal and surviving for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many bacteria, plants, algae, fungi and some protozoans. A chief difference between spores and seeds as dispersal units is that spores have very little stored food resources compared with seeds. Spores are usually haploid and unicellular and are produced by meiosis in the sporangium by the sporophyte. Once conditions are favorable, the spore can develop into a new organism using mitotic division, producing a multicellular gametophyte, which eventually goes on to produce gametes. Many ferns, especially those adapted to dry conditions, produce diploid spores. In this case spores are the units of asexual reproduction, because a single spore develops into a new organism. By contrast, gametes are the units of sexual reproduction, as two gametes need to fuse to create a new organism.
lifeStage	SPOROPHYTE	All land plants, and some algae, have life cycles in which a haploid gametophyte generation alternates with a diploid sporophyte, the generation of a plant or alga that has a double set of chromosomes. A multicellular sporophyte generation or phase is present in the life cycle of all land plants and in some green algae. For common flowering plants (Angiosperms), the sporophyte generation comprises almost their whole life cycle (that is whole green plant, roots etc), except phases of small reproductive structures (pollen and ovule).	AGAMONT
lifeStage	ZYGOTE	A zygote (or zygocyte) describes the first stage of a new unique organism blastomere when it consists of just a single cell. The term is also used more loosely to refer to the group of cells formed by the first few cell divisions, although this is properly referred to as a blastomere. A zygote is usually produced by a fertilisation event between two haploid cells - an ovum from a female and a sperm cell from a male - which combine to form the single diploid cell. Thus the zygote contains DNA originating from both mother and father and this provides all the genetic information necessary to form a new individual	BLASTOMERE
occurrenceStatus	ABSENT	The occurrence was not present at the location and time of the observation.
occurrenceStatus	PRESENT	The occurrence was present at the location and time of the observation.
organismQuantityType	BIOMASS AFDG	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as the ash free dry weight biomass in grams (g).	BIOMASS ASH FREE DRY WEIGHT IN GRAMS, BIOMASS ASH FREE DRY WEIGHT GRAMS
organismQuantityType	BIOMASS G	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as the biomass in grams (g).	BIOMASS IN GRAMS, BIOMASS GRAMS
organismQuantityType	BIOMASS KG	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as the biomass in kilograms (kg).	BIOMASS IN KILOGRAMS, BIOMASS KILOGRAMS
organismQuantityType	BIOVOLUME CUBIC MICRONS	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as the biovolume in cubic microns (µ ^ 3).	BIOVOLUME IN CUBIC MICRONS
organismQuantityType	BIOVOLUME ML	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as the biovolume in millilitres (ml).	BIOVOLUME IN MILLILITRES, BIOVOLUME MILLILITRES
organismQuantityType	BRAUN BLANQUET SCALE	A measurement type where the cover of a species in a sample is recorded using the Braun-Blanquet scale.
organismQuantityType	DOMIN SCALE	A measurement type where the cover of a species in a sample is recorded using the Domin scale.
organismQuantityType	INDIVIDUALS	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as the number of individuals (e.g.per litre, per square metre, per cubic metre, per hour, per day).
organismQuantityType	PERCENTAGE COVERAGE	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as the percentage coverage of the total area being sampled.	% COVERAGE
organismQuantityType	PERCENTAGE OF BIOMASS	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as a percentage of the total biomass of all species.	% OF BIOMASS
organismQuantityType	PERCENTAGE OF BIOVOLUME	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as a percentage of the total biovolume of all species.	% OF BIOVOLUME
organismQuantityType	PERCENTAGE OF SPECIES	A measurement type where the quantity of a species in a sample is recorded as a percentage of the total individual count of all species.	% OF SPECIES
preparations	ALCOHOL	Alcohol
preparations	DEEP FROZEN	Deep frozen
preparations	DRIED	Dried
preparations	DRIED AND PRESSED	Dried and pressed
preparations	FORMALIN	Formalin
preparations	FREEZE DRIED	Freeze-dried
preparations	GLYCERIN	Glycerin
preparations	GUM ARABIC	Gum arabic
preparations	MICROSCOPIC PREPARATION	Microscopic preparation
preparations	MOUNTED	Mounted
preparations	NO TREATMENT	No treatment
preparations	OTHER	Other
preparations	PINNED	Pinned
preparations	REFRIGERATED	Refrigerated
samplingProtocol	ACOUSTIC RECORDING	An acoustic recorder is a device that emits a soundwave at a range of frequencies, and are used to detect and monitor biodiversity in a given area.
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL CARCASS (WHOLE)	Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any observations made on a carcass (whole), i.e., dead and or decaying animal., Refers to the type of voucher specimen sample, i.e., an animal carcass (full/complete).
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL DIGGINGS	The type of evidence of a pest animal presence in the form of 'diggings'.
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL GUT (WITHIN)	Animal gut is the portions of the alimentary canal, particularly the stomach and the intestines.
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL HAIR/FUR	Animal fur are densely packed hairs on the skin of mammals.
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL PELLET	Pellets are fecal droppings of animals such as goat, rats, rabbits, wombats, etc., and are often used as a sign/evidence of the presence of the species in the environment.
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL SKIN	Skin is the outermost protective layer and the largest organ covering the body of vertebrate animal.
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL TRACKING (STATELLITE)	A method of tracking the movements of fauna species facilitated by the assistance from satellite (i.e., imagery for example).
samplingProtocol	ANIMAL TRACKS	Animal tracks are signs in the form of marks or imprints left behind on soil, ground or any related surface indicating the presence of a fauna species., Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any signs of a fauna detected from observations of tracks.
samplingProtocol	BONE/TEETH	Bones/teeth are non-perishable remains of mammals that are often divided into skeleton (bones) and dentition (teeth).
samplingProtocol	BURROW	A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to create a space suitable for habitation, temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion., Burrow is a small tunnel or a hole made by certain ground-dwelling mammals as a place of refuge., Refers to the microhabitat where the targeted fauna was observed. A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to create a space suitable for habitation, temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion.
samplingProtocol	CAGE TRAP	A cage trap is a trap made of metal or galvanised mesh, normally used for trapping mammals., The equipment/method used during a passive, 'targeted fauna survey'. A cage trap is a trap made of metal or galvanised mesh and used in trapping mammals.
samplingProtocol	DNA	DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in almost all living organisms that carries the genetic instructions used in growth, development, functioning, and reproduction. It consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix, with sequences of four types of nitrogen bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) that encode genetic information.
samplingProtocol	EDNA	Environment DNA (eDNA) are the DNA that contains genetic information of living organisms representing a specific environmental and is usually sourced from soil, water, etc. , Refers to the method of identification of Vertebrate fauna. Taxon is identified using DNA sequencing techniques from environmental samples (eDNA).
samplingProtocol	EGGS/EGGSHELL	An animal egg, or ovum, is the female reproductive cell (gamete) in many animals and vay in shape, size and structure. Egg shells are outer protctive layer that surrounds the egg of many animals. The animal eggs/egg shells here represent particular life stage of animal and often used as a sign/evidence to detect their presence in its habitat.
samplingProtocol	ELLIOTT TRAP	The equipment/method used during a passive, 'fauna survey'. Elliott trapping is a technique used to trap small to medium sized mammals. The are usually hinged design that allows trapping to be conducted by folding into a compact panel and easy transport to field locations and storage., The equipment/method used during a passive, 'targeted fauna survey'. Elliott trapping is a technique used to trap small to medium sized mammals. The are usually hinged design that allows trapping to be conducted by folding into a compact panel and easy transport to field locations and storage.
samplingProtocol	EXOSKELETON	Exoskeleton is the outer rigid covering of an invertebrate fauna with its structural features generally intact.
samplingProtocol	FEATHER	Feathers are light, upright epidermal outgrowths that form the external covering of the body of birds. Feathers include the smaller down feathers and the larger contour and flight feathers., Refers to the type of voucher specimen sample. Feathers are one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds.
samplingProtocol	FOSSIL/SUBFOSSIL	Fossils are preserved remains of animal or plant parts, usually of a prehistoric origin. Whereas, a sub-fossil are remains (usually skeletal) of animals that are not ancient enough to qualify as a fossil.
samplingProtocol	FUNNEL TRAP	The equipment/method used in a 'fauna survey'. Funnel trap is a trapping method used in trapping insects/invertebrates. Funnel traps are made of nested black funnels (up to as many as 12). Insects fall through the funnels to a cup that is filled with a preservative., The equipment/method used in a 'targeted fauna survey'. Funnel trap is a trapping method used in trapping insects/invertebrates. Funnel traps are made of nested black funnels (up to as many as 12). Insects fall through the funnels to a cup that is filled with a preservative.
samplingProtocol	GPS TRACKING	Geospatial tracking devices are portable units designed to monitor and track location. They use satellite navigation to determine movement and establish geographic positions.
samplingProtocol	HAIR TUBE	Hair Tubes are short sections of PVC pipe lined with pieces of double-sided sticky-tape and useful to obtain hair/fur samples of animals., Refers to the targeted fauna observation method, i.e., any observations on a fauna made using 'Hair Tubes', which are short sections of PVC pipe lined with pieces of double-sided sticky-tape.
samplingProtocol	HARP TRAP	Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any observations made on a fauna captured in a 'Harp trap' (especially designed for bats). They are particularly useful in situations where bats in flight can be channeled through a natural funnel such as above a water course, a cave or mine entrance or a clear area within a forest.
samplingProtocol	HEARD	The method of bird sighting in the form of calls, or acoustic signals., The method of fauna sighting in the form of calls, or acoustic signals.
samplingProtocol	HUMAN OBSERVATION	An observation performed by a human.
samplingProtocol	LIGHT TRAP	Light trapping is designed for collecting flying insects attracted to ultra violet light and is useful for sampling insect populations., The equipment/method used during a passive, 'targeted fauna survey'. Light trapping is designed for collecting flying insects attracted to ultra violet light and is useful for sampling insect populations.
samplingProtocol	MALAISE TRAP	A Malaise trap is a type of insect trap primarily used to capture invertebrates. They are large, tent-like structure effective in capturing flying insects (e.g., members of Hymenoptera and Diptera)., Refers to the targeted fauna observation method, i.e., any observations on a fauna captured using a malaise trap. A Malaise trap is a type of insect trap primarily used to capture invertebrates. They are large, tent-like structure effective in capturing flying insects (e.g., members of Hymenoptera and Diptera).
samplingProtocol	MIST NET	Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any observations on a fauna captured using mist nets. The net is made of a very fine diameter cord, which is almost invisible when set up and is often used to capture birds, because they fail to see it, and fly straight into it., Refers to the targeted fauna observation method, i.e., any observations on a fauna captured using mist nets. The net is made of a very fine diameter cord, which is almost invisible when set up and is often used to capture birds, because they fail to see it, and fly straight into it.
samplingProtocol	NEST	A nest is a place of refuge to hold an animal's eggs or provide a place to live or raise offspring.
samplingProtocol	NO STATED METHOD	Refers to NO recognised method of observation stated for a target fauna.	UNSPECIFIED
samplingProtocol	NONE	Refers to No observation method of a target fauna., Refers to the targeted fauna observation method, i.e., 'No' standard observation methods were applied.
samplingProtocol	OBSERVATION METHOD - AFTER CALL PLAYBACK	After call playback, is a method used for fauna observations (usually birds) and involves pre-recorded call playback to detect the presence of a target species in the survey area.
samplingProtocol	OBSERVATION METHOD - ANIMAL DEN	A den is a place of refuge for many mammals and are usually either buried deep underground or built by the animal to create a secret shelter., Refers to the microhabitat where the fauna was observed. A den is a place of refuge for many mammals and are usually either buried deep underground or built by the animal to create a secret shelter.
samplingProtocol	OBSERVATION METHOD - ANIMAL ODOUR	Animal odour or pheromones are distinct secretions of animals, often used as a sign/evidence of their presence in its habitat., Refers to the type of fauna observation method, which involves detection of a fauna species via its odour or pheromones.
samplingProtocol	OTHER (SPECIFY)	Other types of liquid preservative used to store invertebrate samples., Refers to the any Other type of substrate/s used for fauna signs-based observation., Represents any 'Other' categorical collection NOT listed in the given collection., Represents any 'other' categorical collection NOT listed.
samplingProtocol	PAN TRAP	A pan trap is a type of insect trap primarily used to capture small invertebrates (e.g., members of Hymenoptera) and often used to sample the abundance and diversity of insects., Refers to the targeted fauna observation method, i.e., any observations made from fauna captures in a pan trap. A pan trap is a type of insect trap primarily used to capture small invertebrates (e.g., members of Hymenoptera) and often used to sample the abundance and diversity of insects., The type/method of invertebrate fauna sampling implemented. Pan trapping consists of small, coloured bowls placed on the ground, either filled with water and a small amount of dishwashing liquid for sampling over one day, or propylene glycol for sampling over a longer duration.
samplingProtocol	PELLET (WITHIN)	Pellets are fecal droppings of animals such as goat, rats, rabbits, wombats, etc., and are often used as a sign/evidence of the presence of the species in the environment. 'Within pellet' here represents an observation method (tier-2) that involves searching for any signs/evidence of a fauna species within a scat.
samplingProtocol	PITFALL TRAP	Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any observations made from fauna captures in a pitfall trap. A pitfall trap is a simple device used to catch small animals , particularly insects and other invertebrates , that spend most of their time on the ground., Refers to the targeted fauna observation method, i.e., any observations made from fauna captures in a pitfall trap. A pitfall trap is a simple device used to catch small animals , particularly insects and other invertebrates , that spend most of their time on the ground.
samplingProtocol	RADIO TRACKING	Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any signs of a fauna with the assistance of radio tracking device/s.
samplingProtocol	REMOTE CAMERA DEVICE	Remote camera device are special devices that can be programmed to capture media (picture, videos) in places where humans cannot be physically present, and can be controlled remotely over a wireless network.
samplingProtocol	SCATS	Faeces/faecal pellets/dung/droppings of animals. Often individual or scattered pellets (e.g. rabbit), or clumped pellet groups (e.g. deer). Their deposition will be influenced by diet (wet diet often causes clumping of pellets) and their size can reflect age (adult/juvenile). Scat surveys provide an estimate of relative abundances suitable for both herbivores and predators.
samplingProtocol	SCATS (WITHIN)	Scats are fecal droppings of animals and are often represented by most to mark their territory. 'Within scats' here represents an observation method (tier-2) that involves searching for any signs/evidence of a fauna species within a scat.
samplingProtocol	SCENT PAD	Scent pads are specific pads that are used as lures duing fauna observations.
samplingProtocol	SCRATCHINGS (ARBOREAL)	Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any signs of a fauna detected from observations of scratchings on a tree.
samplingProtocol	SCRATCHINGS (GROUND)	Scratchings are common traits of certain mammals leaving scars on trees, rocks etc.
samplingProtocol	SHELL	A shell is a hard, rigid outer layer, which has evolved in a very wide variety of different animals, including molluscs, crustaceans, turtles and tortoises.
samplingProtocol	SIGHTING	An observation method made by direct sighting of fauna in its habitat.
samplingProtocol	SPOTLIGHTING	Spotlighting technique is a method used for fauna observations during the night and assists surveyors target nocturnal animals, using off-road vehicles and high-powered lights, spotlights, lamps or flashlights.
samplingProtocol	SWEEP NET	Sweep nets are usually used for capturing insects using a number of sweeps. The net is made of fine diameter mesh fitted to a metal handle to trap invertebrates in air., The equipment/method used during a passive, 'targeted fauna survey'. Sweep nets are usually used for capturing insects using a number of sweeps. The net is made of fine diameter mesh fitted to a metal handle to trap invertebrates in air.
samplingProtocol	TRACKING PAD	A tracking pad is an artificial pad made of loose material (such as sand for example) that are used to study and observe animal tracks. These pads are often designed to be delpoyed in habitats where animal activity/movements are high., Refers to the type of substrate used for fauna signs-based observation. A tracking pad is an artificial pad made of loose material (such as sand for example) that are used to study animal tracks in a fauna survey.
samplingProtocol	ULTRASONIC RECORDING DEVICE	Ultrasound recorders are devices that send high-frequency sound waves in the environment to create images or detect objects and movements within various mediums, such as a mammalian body or other environments. They are popular for wildlife monitoring, biodiversity surveys, habitat assessments and echolocation studies (e.g., bats).
samplingProtocol	UNKNOWN	Refers to the fire history of the plot, unknown., Unknown (unable to be determined)., Unknown capture status., Unknown position., Unknown- unable to be determined., Unknown/unable to be determined.
samplingProtocol	UNKNOWN TRAP TYPE	Refers to the fire history of the plot, unknown., Unknown (unable to be determined)., Unknown capture status., Unknown position., Unknown, unable to be determined., Unknown/unable to be determined.
samplingProtocol	WALLOW	A wallow is a depression containing mud or shallow water, formed by wallowing of large mammals., Wallow is a depression containing mud or shallow water, formed by the wallowing of large mammals such as a buffallo for example.
samplingProtocol	WATER SAMPLE	Water samples are representative samples of a given habitat that serve as a source to study the chemical composition and detect the presence of fauna species (DNA).
samplingProtocol	WET PITFALL TRAP	Refers to the fauna observation method, i.e., any observations made from fauna captures using a wet pitfall trap.
sequencingMethod	TBC	TBC
sex	FEMALE	Female (♀) is the sex of an organism, or a part of an organism, which produces mobile ova (egg cells).	F, ♀
sex	HERMAPHRODITE	One organism having both male and female sexual characteristics and organs; at birth an unambiguous assignment of male or female cannot be made	ZWITTER
sex	MALE	Male (♂) refers to the sex of an organism, or part of an organism, which produces small mobile gametes, called spermatozoa.	M, ♂
sex	UNDETERMINED	If the sex of an organism can't be determined for some reason.	UNDET., UNKNOWN
taxonRank	CLASS	Class
taxonRank	CULTIVAR	The epithet is usually output in single quotes and may contain multiple words, see ICBN §28. Examples: Taxus baccata 'Variegata', Juniperus ×pfitzeriana 'Wilhelm Pfitzer'; Magnolia 'Elizabeth' (= a hybrid, no species epithet).
taxonRank	CULTIVAR GROUP	Cultivar group	GREX
taxonRank	FAMILY	Family
taxonRank	FORM	Form	FORMA
taxonRank	GENUS	Genus
taxonRank	INFORMAL	Informal
taxonRank	INFRAGENERIC NAME	Used for any other unspecific rank below genera and above species.
taxonRank	INFRAORDER	Infraorder
taxonRank	INFRASPECIFIC NAME	Used for any other unspecific rank below genera and above species.
taxonRank	INFRASUBSPECIFIC NAME	Used for any other unspecific rank below subspecies.
taxonRank	KINGDOM	Kingdom	REGNUM
taxonRank	ORDER	Order	ALLIANCE
taxonRank	PHYLUM	Phylum	DIVISION
taxonRank	SECTION	Section within a genus. In Zoology a section sometimes refers to a group above family level, this is NOT meant
taxonRank	SERIES	Series within a genus.
taxonRank	SPECIES	Species
taxonRank	SPECIES AGGREGATE	A loosely defined group of species. Zoology: 'Aggregate - a group of species, other than a subgenus, within a genus. An aggregate may be denoted by a group name interpolated in parentheses.' -- The Berlin/MoreTax model notes:'[these] aren't taxonomic ranks but circumscriptions because on the one hand they are necessary for the concatenation of the fullname and on the other hand they are necessary for distinguishing the aggregate or species group from the microspecies.' Compare subspecific aggregate for a group of subspecies within a species.	AGGREGATE, SPECIES GROUP, SPECIES COMPLEX
taxonRank	SUBFAMILY	Subfamily
taxonRank	SUBFORM	Subform	SUBFORMA
taxonRank	SUBGENUS	Subgenus
taxonRank	SUBKINGDOM	Subkingdom
taxonRank	SUBORDER	Suborder
taxonRank	SUBSECTION	Subsection within a genus.
taxonRank	SUBSERIES	Subseries within a genus.
taxonRank	SUBSPECIES	Subspecies
taxonRank	SUBSPECIFIC AGGREGATE	A loosely defined group of subspecies. Zoology:'Aggregate - a group of subspecies within a species. An aggregate may be denoted by a group name interpolated in parentheses.'
taxonRank	SUBTRIBE	Subtribe
taxonRank	SUBVARIETY	Subvariety	SUBVARIETAS
taxonRank	SUPERFAMILY	Superfamily
taxonRank	SUPRAGENERIC NAME	Used for any other unspecific rank above genera.
taxonRank	TRIBE	Tribe
taxonRank	UNRANKED	Unranked
taxonRank	VARIETY	Variety	VARIETAS
threatStatusCheckProtocol	UNSPECIFIED	Unspecified

Table 2b: Suggested values for conditionally mandatory values for the threatStatus and conservationJurisdiction fields in the template. State and Territory conservationJurisdictions spelt out as words are also valid. For some threatStatus terms, alternative labels are provided that are also valid for that conservationJurisdiction.

conservationJurisdiction	threatStatus	threatStatus alternative labels
ACT	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED
ACT	ENDANGERED
ACT	EXTINCT
ACT	EXTINCT IN THE WILD
ACT	REGIONALLY CONSERVATION DEPENDENT
ACT	VULNERABLE
EPBC	CAMBA
EPBC	CD	CONSERVATION DEPENDENT
EPBC	CE	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED, CR
EPBC	CITES
EPBC	E	ENDANGERED, EN
EPBC	EX	EXTINCT
EPBC	JAMBA
EPBC	KAMBA
EPBC	V	VULNERABLE, VU
EPBC	XW	EXTINCT IN THE WILD, EW
NSW	CE	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED
NSW	EN	ENDANGERED
NSW	EX	EXTINCT
NSW	V	VULNERABLE
NT	CE	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED
NT	DD	DATA DEFICIENT
NT	EN	ENDANGERED
NT	EN EXTINCT IN NT	ENDANGERED EXTINCT IN NT
NT	EN EXTINCT IN WILD IN NT	ENDANGERED EXTINCT IN WILD IN NT
NT	EW	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED POSSIBLY EXTINCT
NT	EX	EXTINCT
NT	LC	LEAST CONCERN
NT	LC EXTINCT IN NT	LEAST CONCERN EXTINCT IN NT
NT	NE	NOT EVALUATED
NT	NT	NEAR THREATENED
NT	VU	VULNERABLE
NT	VU EXTINCT IN NT	VULNERABLE EXTINCT IN NT
QLD	C	LEAST CONCERN WILDLIFE
QLD	CR	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED WILDLIFE
QLD	E	ENDANGERED WILDLIFE
QLD	EX	EXTINCT WILDLIFE
QLD	I	INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE
QLD	NT	NEAR THREATENED WILDLIFE
QLD	PE	EXTINCT IN THE WILD WILDLIFE
QLD	SL	SPECIAL LEAST CONCERN WILDLIFE
QLD	V	VULNERABLE WILDLIFE
SA	E	ENDANGERED
SA	R	RARE
SA	SP	INDICATES THAT A RATING HAS BEEN APPLIED TO THE SPECIES LEVEL THE STATUS HAS NOT BEEN ASSESSED AT THE SUBSPECIES LEVEL
SA	SSP	INDICATES THAT AT LEAST ONE SUBSPECIES FOR THIS SPECIES HAS BEEN GIVEN A CONSERVATION RATING
SA	V	VULNERABLE
TAS	E	ENDANGERED
TAS	R	RARE
TAS	V	VULNERABLE
TAS	X	EXTINCT
VIC	CONSERVATION DEPENDENT
VIC	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED
VIC	ENDANGERED
VIC	ENDANGERED EXTINCT IN VICTORIA
VIC	EXTINCT
VIC	EXTINCT IN THE WILD
VIC	RESTRICTED
VIC	VULNERABLE
WA	CD	SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONSERVATION INTEREST CONSERVATION DEPENDENT FAUNA, CONSERVATION DEPENDENT
WA	CR	CRITICALLY ENDANGERED, CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES
WA	EN	ENDANGERED SPECIES, ENDANGERED
WA	EW	EXTINCT IN THE WILD
WA	EX	EXTINCT SPECIES, EXTINCT
WA	MI	MIGRATORY SPECIES, MIGRATORY
WA	OS	OTHER SPECIFICALLY PROTECTED FAUNA
WA	P1	PRIORITY 1 POORLY KNOWN, PRIORITY 1 POORLY KNOWN SPECIES
WA	P2	PRIORITY 2 POORLY KNOWN SPECIES, PRIORITY 2 POORLY KNOWN
WA	P3	PRIORITY 3 POORLY KNOWN, PRIORITY 3 POORLY KNOWN SPECIES
WA	P4	PRIORITY 4 RARE NEAR THREATENED AND OTHER SPECIES IN NEED OF MONITORING
WA	SPECIALLY PROTECTED	SPECIALLY PROTECTED SPECIES
WA	T	THREATENED, THREATENED SPECIES
WA	VU	VULNERABLE SPECIES, VULNERABLE

APPENDIX-II: Timestamp

Following date and date-time formats are acceptable within the timestamp:

TYPE	FORMAT
xsd:dateTimeStamp with timezone	yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.sTZD (eg 1997-07-16T19:20:30.45+01:00) OR yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssTZD (eg 1997-07-16T19:20:30+01:00) OR yyyy-mm-ddThh:mmTZD (eg 1997-07-16T19:20+01:00)
xsd:dateTime	yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.s (eg 1997-07-16T19:20:30.45) OR yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss (eg 1997-07-16T19:20:30) OR yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm (eg 1997-07-16T19:20)
xsd:Date	dd/mm/yyyy OR d/m/yyyy OR yyyy-mm-dd OR yyyy-m-d
xsd:gYearMonth	mm/yyyy OR m/yyyy OR yyyy-mm
xsd:gYear	yyyy

Where
yyyy: four-digit year
mm: two-digit month (01=January, etc.)
dd: two-digit day of month (01 through 31)
hh: two digits of hour (00 through 23) (am/pm NOT allowed)
mm: two digits of minute (00 through 59)
ss: two digits of second (00 through 59)

APPENDIX-III: UTF-8

UTF-8 encoding is considered a best practice for handling character encoding, especially in the context of web development, data exchange, and modern software systems. UTF-8 (Unicode Transformation Format, 8-bit) is a variable-width character encoding capable of encoding all possible characters (code points) in Unicode.
Here are some reasons why UTF-8 is recommended:

Universal Character Support: UTF-8 can represent almost all characters from all writing systems in use today. This includes characters from various languages, mathematical symbols, and other special characters.
Backward Compatibility: UTF-8 is backward compatible with ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange). The first 128 characters in UTF-8 are identical to ASCII, making it easy to work with systems that use ASCII.
Efficiency: UTF-8 is space-efficient for Latin-script characters (common in English and many other languages). It uses one byte for ASCII characters and up to four bytes for other characters. This variable-length encoding minimises storage and bandwidth requirements.
Web Standards: UTF-8 is the dominant character encoding for web content. It is widely supported by browsers, servers, and web-related technologies.
Globalisation: As software applications become more globalised, supporting a wide range of languages and scripts becomes crucial. UTF-8 is well-suited for internationalisation and multilingual support.
Compatibility with Modern Systems: UTF-8 is the default encoding for many programming languages, databases, and operating systems. Choosing UTF-8 helps ensure compatibility across different platforms and technologies.

When working with text data, UTF-8 encoding is recommended to avoid issues related to character representation and ensure that a diverse set of characters and languages is supported.

For assistance, please contact: bdr-support@dcceew.gov.au